Respostas do treinamento sensório-motor no equilíbrio e coordenação de crianças com deficiência visual / Answers of training sensory motor in balance and coordination children with visual impairment

Introdução: A presença de restrições visuais na infância leva a desvios e dificuldades nas habilidades sensório-motoras. Objetivos: Verificar as respostas do treinamento sensório-motor no equilíbrio e coordenação de crianças com deficiência visual. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de casos não controlado, transversal. A amostra foi composta por duas crianças em idade escolar, com diagnóstico oftalmológico de baixa visão e cegueira total. Foram aplicados o Teste de equilíbrio de Berg e o Teste de Coordenação Corporal para Crianças - Bateria de Testes KTK antes e após 10 atendimentos com duração média de 50 minutos, duas vezes na semana. Resultados: Para a Criança 1 observou-se melhora de aproximadamente 11% para coordenação e 13% no equilíbrio; e para a Criança 2 verificou-se aumento de 17% na coordenação, e 6% para o equilíbrio. Conclusão: O protocolo utilizado trouxe benefícios para o equilíbrio e resposta motora destas crianças com deficiência visual.

Introduction: The presence of visual restrictions in childhood leads to deviations and difficulties in sensorimotor skills. Objectives: To verify the responses of sensorimotor training in the balance and coordination of children with visual impairment. Methods: This is an uncontrolled, transverse cases report. The sample consisted of two school-age children, with an ophthalmologic diagnosis of low vision and total blindness. The Berg Balance Test and the Body Coordination Test for Children - KTK Test Battery were applied before and after 10 visits, average duration of 50 minutes, twice a week. Results: Child 1 showed improvement of approximately 11% for coordination and 13% for balance; and for Child 2 there was an increase of 17% in coordination, and 6% for balance. Conclusion: The protocol used brought benefits to the balance and motor response of these visually impaired children.

Estudo da resistência cicatricial cutânea de ratos tratados com óleo de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) / Study of skin scarring resistance of rats treated with pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense)

Introdução: Existem vários estudos sobre a utilização do pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) no processo cicatricial; contudo, em poucos trabalhos desenvolvidos, avaliou-se resistência dos tecidos à tensão pós-tratamento. Objetivo: Analisar a tensão cicatricial em incisões cutâneas de ratos, após terapia com Caryocar brasiliense. Método: Vinte ratos Wistar, divididos em dois grupos (placebo/tratado), sofreram incisão cutânea no dorso. O grupo tratado recebeu doses diárias de óleo de Caryocar brasiliense, e o placebo aplicação de óleo mineral. Após sacrifício, em sete e quatorze dias pós-cirurgia, amostras de pele foram submetidas à análise tênsil-histológica. Resultados: Observou-se diferença significante intergrupos na força máxima de tração, assim como uma elevação da síntese de colágeno na área das lesões no grupo tratado com óleo Caryocar brasiliense. Conclusão: A terapia com óleo de Caryocar brasiliense aumenta a resistência tênsil da pele, melhorando a resposta reparacional, reduzindo riscos de deiscência e complicações pós-cirúrgicas.

Introduction: There are several studies on the use of Caryocar brasiliense in the scarring process; however, few studies have evaluated posttreatment skin tissue resistance to tension. Objective: To analyze the scar tension in skin incisions of rats after therapy Caryocar brasiliense. Method: Twenty Wistar rats were divided into two groups (placebo / rough) and suffered skin incision in dorso. The treatment group received daily dose of Caryocar brasiliense oil and the placebo group with application of mineral oil. After sacrifice, in seven fourteen days after surgery, skin samples were subjected to tensile-histological analysis. Results: There was a significant intergroup difference in the maximum strength of traction, as well as an increase in collagen synthesis in the area of lesions in the treated group. Conclusion: Treatment with oil from Caryocar brasiliense increases the tensile strength of the skin, improving the healing response and reducing the risks of dehiscence and postoperative complications.

Biomodulation effects of LED and therapeutic ultrasound combined with semipermeable dressing in the repair process of cutaneous lesions in rats

PURPOSE: To compare the biomodulatory effects of LED and ultrasound combined with semipermeable dressing in the repair of cutaneous lesions. METHODS: Eighty-four Wistar rats were submitted to surgical injury (2.5 cm) and divided into four groups (n=21): Group I (control), Group II (LED therapy, LED), Group III (LED therapy + dressing, LED+D) and Group IV (ultrasound + dressing, US+D). At seven, 14 and 21 days, the animals were euthanized, and the specimens of interest removed for histological analysis. RESULTS: Histological and histomorphometric analysis revealed a greater percent wound regression in animals receiving the dressing (group III: 55.97; group IV: 53.06), as well as a greater reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate (group III: 29.14; group IV: 31.71) since day 7. A later effect, with progression of the tissue repair process only after 14 and 21 days, was observed in the LED group intense fibroblast proliferation and greater collagen fiber production and organization were seen in the LED+D and US+D groups compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: LED combined with a dressing was more effective at accelerating in the repair of cutaneous lesions. .

FT-Raman spectroscopic study of skin wound healing in diabetic rats treated with Cenostigma macrophyllum Tul

INTRODUCTION: Patients with diabetes mellitus exhibit a delay in the lesion repair process. The active components of Cenostigma macrophyllum may represent a viable alternative to facilitate the recovery of these lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of emulsion oil-water Cenostigma macrophyllum in the repair process of lesions in rats with induced diabetes. METHODS: 63 male rats (Wistar, 200-250 g body weight, 30-40 days old) were distributed into the following groups: control (C), diabetic (D) and diabetic treated with Cenostigma macrophyllum (P), subdivided based on the experimental times, days 7, 14 and 28, with 21 animals per main group. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced by administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg via penile vein and 12-h fasting) and confirmed at day 21 (glycemic index > 240 mg/dL). In the animals of group P, 0.5 ml of the oil-water emulsion obtained from the plant seed was used. The samples were removed and hemisectioned, and one portion was used for the quantitative histological analysis of collagen using Masson's trichrome staining, while another portion was analyzed by FT-Raman spectroscopy. RESULTS: A higher percentage area of the volume of collagen fibers was observed for the experimental time Day 14 in group P compared with group D (p < 0.001). Regarding the ratio of areas of the amides I (1700‑1600 cm-1) and III (1245-1345 cm-1), the groups D and P show the opposite behavior. CONCLUSION: Cenostigma macrophyllum accelerated the repair process in skin of diabetic ratsfor14 days.

Ação anti-inflamatória da fração lipídica do Ovis aries associado ao ultrassom terapêutico em modelo experimental de tendinite em ratos (Rattus norvegicus) / Anti-inflammatory action of the Ovis aries lipidic fraction associated to therapeutic ultrasound in an experimental model of tendinitis in rats (Rattus norvegicus)

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: Estudos demonstram o efeito benéfico da aplicação tópica de ácidos graxos como agentes cicatrizantes. A fração lipídica do Ovis aries apresenta uma ação anti-inflamatória que acelera o processo de cicatrização. O ultrassom aumenta o fluxo sanguíneo bem como a extensibilidade das estruturas de colágeno e tendões. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a ação anti-inflamatória da fração lipídica do Ovis aries associado ao ultrassom terapêutico (UST) pulsado e à fricção em modelo de tendinite induzida. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta ratos Wistar foram distribuídos nos seguintes grupos: controle, gel Ovis aries - uso tópico - UST pulsátil + loção estéril (oil free), UST pulsátil + gel Ovis aries, loção estéril (oil free) - uso tópico. Para induzir a tendinite, utilizou-se uma injeção intratendínea de 10µL de colagenase no tendão do calcâneo direito. O tratamento consistiu em aplicações diárias de ultrassom, com os seguintes parâmetros: modo pulsado 10 por cento, frequência de 1 MHz, pulsátil a 10 por cento com intensidade de 0,5W/cm², durante sete ou 14 dias. RESULTADOS: A variação do número de células inflamatórias, para os animais tratados por 14 dias, com relação aos grupos controle, UST + oil free e UST + Ovis aries, apresentou resultados significativos p<0,001. O grupo Ovis aries + massagem e o grupo massagem + oil free apresentaram resultados significativos, p<0,01. Nos animais tratados por sete dias, observou-se que o grupo UST + Ovis aries, em relação ao controle, é estatisticamente significativo, p<0,05 CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se concluir que o tratamento com UST + Ovis aries é mais efetivo que os outros tratamentos, visto que consegue reduzir o número de células inflamatórias no tempo de sete e 14 dias.

BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of topical application of fatty acids as healing agents. The lipid fraction of Ovis aries have an anti-inflammatory action that accelerates the healing process. Ultrasound increases blood flow and the extensibility of collagen structures and tendons. OBJECTIVES: To assess the anti-inflammatory action of the Ovis aries lipid fraction associated to pulsed therapeutic ultrasound and friction in an induced tendinitis model. METHODS: Fifty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control that consisted of Ovis aries gel for topical use; pulsed ultrasound plus oil free sterile lotion; pulsed ultrasound plus Ovis aries gel; and oil free sterile lotion for topical use alone. To induce tendinitis a 10µL intratendinous injection of collagenase was injected into the right Achilles tendon of rats. Treatment consisted of daily applications of ultrasound using the following parameters: 10 percent pulsed mode, 10 percent pulsed frequency of 1 MHz and intensity of 0.5 W/cm² for seven or fourteen days. RESULTS: After 7 days of treatment, only the Ovis aries plus ultrasound group showed statistically significant difference when compared to the control group.The variation in the number of inflammatory cells on animals treated for fourteen days for the control, ultrasound plus oil free, ultrasound plus Ovis aries, Ovis aries plus massage and massage plus oil free groups were statistically significant different, p<0.01. It was observed in animals treated for seven days that the ultrasound plus Ovis aries group was statistically significant better than the control group, p<0.05. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that treatment using ultrasound plus Ovis aries is more effective than other treatments as it produces significantly better reduction on the number of inflammatory cells at 7 and 14 days.